Which type of plant is classified as a perennial?

A perennial plant is defined as one that lives for more than two years, often continuing to grow and produce new leaves, stems, and flowers each season. This classification is significant in horticulture and ecology because it contrasts with annual plants, which complete their life cycle within a single growing season, and biennial plants that have a two-year life cycle. Perennials can survive winter and come back each year, making them critical to ecosystems and gardens for stability and long-term planting schemes.

The other options discuss characteristics that do not pertain to the definition of a perennial plant. Specifically, options describing plants that complete their life cycle in one year, harmful plants, or plants that merely provide shelter for pests do not capture the essence of what constitutes a perennial. Understanding the longevity and growth patterns of perennials is essential for effective aquatic pest control and ecosystem management.