Which process describes erosion?

The correct answer describes erosion as the processes through which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and transported from one location to another. This involves various natural forces, such as wind, water, or ice, which can physically displace and carry away materials from their original location. Erosion plays a crucial role in shaping landscapes, forming rivers, valleys, and coastlines by gradually wearing down landforms over time.

The other options present different processes that do not align with the definition of erosion. The growth of plants over time refers to biological processes or succession, while the absorption of water by soil pertains to infiltration and hydrology, which are distinct from physical movement of soil and rock. Lastly, the chemical transformation of minerals relates to weathering, a process that can lead to erosion but is fundamentally different as it involves changes to the composition of rocks rather than their physical displacement. Thus, option B accurately encapsulates the concept of erosion in the context of the question.