Which of the following types of vascular plants are submersed?

Submersed vascular plants are those that grow entirely or mostly underwater, with their leaves and stems usually submerged in the aquatic environment. The correct answer includes Elodea and Milfoil, both of which are well-known submersed aquatic plants.

Elodea, commonly known as waterweed, thrives in freshwater bodies and is characterized by its long, slender stems and whorled leaves, which provide shelter and habitat for various aquatic organisms. Milfoil, on the other hand, is also a submerged plant that features finely dissected leaves, making it easily identifiable. Both of these plants play critical roles in aquatic ecosystems, contributing to oxygen production through photosynthesis and providing important habitat for fish and invertebrates.

In contrast, the other options consist of either floating or emergent plants. Duckweed and yellow waterlily, for example, are primarily floating plants, with their leaves at the water's surface. Cattails and white waterlilies have parts that extend above the water, making them emergent plants. Chara and Nitella are categorized as green algae rather than vascular plants, which further differentiates them from true submersed vascular plants like Elodea and Milfoil. Therefore, the choice of Elodea and Mil